Apparatus for building composite piles



Jan. 10, 1928.

J. W. TAUSSIG APPARATUS FOR BUILDING COMPOSITE PILES IN VINTOR,

kM/l/ "M/fram* A TTORNE YS fig-5 Filed Feb. 17, 1926 n In' Ii' In at?, .5.2,

Patented Jan. 10, 1928.

UNITED s'rfrEfs- PATENT OFFICE.

` JOHN' TAUSSIG, OF ENGLEWOOD, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR T0 RAYMOND CONCRETE PILE COMPANY, OE NEW YORK, N. Y., A. CORPORATION OF NEW APPARATUS IOR BUILDING COMPOSITE '.PILES.

This invention pertains to apparatus for making concrete piles of the composite type in which a concrete pile is superposed upon and united with a wooden pile in such man- Y ner that the concrete and' wooden piles are formed into a unitary pile structure.

In one method of forming such composite piles it is customary to first drive thewooden pile until its head is at or nea-r the ground level, then erectf thereon a circumferentially corrugated tapered shell mounted on a non collapsible corrugated core. The driving operation is then continued until the desired depth is reached, whereupon the driving core l5 is removed, and the corrugated shell filled with concrete to form with the wooden pile the complete composite structure.

In order to remove the corrugated core from the corrugated shell it is necessary to .o unscrew the lcore from the shell-a few turns before the core can be lifted out of the shell. B v the time the driving of the pile is completed the shell is often very tighly pressed against the core bv the surrounding eart and considerable force must be applied in order to effect the unscrewing operation.

It has been customary to turn the core by means of a uf'orrn'and screw device at the head of the core. the turning reaction being taken by the leaders of the pile driver. This operation has thrown a lgreat twisting strain on the leaders, especially when the top of the core is driven below the bottom of the leaders` in which event extensions must be attached to the leaders to take the strain,

The object of'my present invention is to provide means for transmitting the turning reaction to the portion of the pile already driven and thus relieve the leaders of undesirable strain.

I am describing the lower portion of the. composite pile 'as being of wood. as that is the usual construction, but it may beA of concrete or other material. When I refer to the wooden pile I mean the pile first driven, and upon which is erected the shell in which the upperV portion of the composite pile is formed. As stated above, the object of my invention is to remove from the leaders of the driving mechanism the rotative reaction of the core unscrewing device, by taking that` sockets in the core to insure the core turn- 4mg with `the gear.

reaction on the pile first driven, which is well able to take the reaction as it is firmly set in the ground.

In the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a view, mostly sectional, showing a wooden pile and superposed corrugated shell at the completion of driving, with the corrugated .core in driving position.

Fig. 2is the same as Fig. 1 after the corrugated core has been unscrewed sufliciently from `the shell so it may be lifted out.

Fig 3 is an enlarged view, mostly in section, of one modification of the central column, showing details.

Fig 4 is a view of another modification of the central column, showing an hydraulic device to hold the lower end of thecolumn A in engagement with the wooden pile.

Fig. 5 is a cross section on line 5-5 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a plan view ofthe core head, on line 6-6 of Fig. 2,` showing worms and gears.

Fig. 7 is a section on line 7--7 of Fig. 2. 75 Fig. 8 is an enlarged detail of the top of the wood pile head in Figs. 1 and 2.

Fig. 9 is a top view of Fi 8.

In Figs. 1 and 2 the woo en pile is designated 20. The upper end of pile 20` is reduced in diameter to form a tenon 22, and the hollow `lower end of corrugated core 24 is fitted over the headed end- 22 so that mostof the driving effort is transmitted'to the top of 22 vby core partition 26.

Thezcor'rugated shell for the upper portion of the pile is designated 28.v

Fast o n the upper end of core 24 is werm gear 30,- provided with lugs 29 fitted into Core 24 is rotatably supported in head 32 by means of flange 34. Mounted for rotation in head 32 is shaft 36 on which is fast worm 31 in mesh with gear 30, so that when shaft 36 is turned core body 24 is rotated relativel to head 32.

Fitte into the top of head 32 is the threaded plug 38, which takes the driving effect from the hammer, the base of .which- 100 is indicated at 40. The cables for supporting the vcore are shown at 42 and the vwings 44 and 46 form guides on hammer and driving head respectively to cooperate with the leaders (not shown).

Secured to the centerof cap 38 by key 48 Fig. 6) and depending therefrom axially wit in core 24 is the hollow column 50. Worm gear 36 and core 24 are mounted for rotation about the upper end of column 50, on bearing sleeves 52.

Column 50 terminates midway of the length of core 24, the lower end of the column being enlarged to form a shoulder orl flange 54, in which are cut two diametrically opposite vertical key ways 56. Fitting around ange 54 is a vertical cylinder 58,

rovided with two vertical splines in the key ways 56. This construction permits cylinder 58 to slide vertically on flange 54 but prevents it from rotating relatively thereto.

Extending downwardly from the bottom of cylinder 58 is a stem 62, the lower end of which is anchored to the ile below it in the manner to be now descri ed. Tenon has a slot 64 (Fig. 8) cut across its top. Set into the tenon, axially, below slot 64 is a bushing 66 having a threaded socket opening upwardly. Bushing 66 is held against rotation and Withdrawal by a transverse pin 68 passing through tenon 22 and the lower end of bushing 66. The lower end of stem 62 is enlarged to form a shoe or rectangular flange 100 (Fig. 4) which fits into slot 64 (Fig. 8) of tenon 22.

The lower end of stem 62 is bored upwardly to form a cylindrical cavity 70, within which is supported the head 72 of threaded screw 74. The lower end of cavity is closed by a threaded collar 76 having a hole in its center through which screw 74 projects downwardly and upon which the screw head 72 rests. Extending upwardly from head 72 is the square shank 78, and fitted over shank 78 is the key socket 80, the stem` 82 of which` extends upwardly through the center of stem 62 and column 50 until it terminates in worm gear 84 mounted for rotation in the center of driving plug 38A (Figs. 1, 2 and 6). Meshing with gear 84 is the worm 86 provided with shaft 88 extending to a point outside the driving head.

In operation, when the core and shell are assembled preparatory for driving, screw 74 is screwed into bushing 66'by means of the train of mechanism comprising shank 78, key socket 80, key stem 82, worm gear 84, worm 86 and shaft 88. This locks the lower end of stem 62 into slot 64 of pile-20, prevents rotation of column 50 relatively to pile 20, and also prevents the withdrawal of the shoe 100 on the lower end of stem 62 from slot 64. The parts are then in the position shown in Fig. 1, with flange 54 at the bottom of cylinder 58 and key socket 8() engamg the full length of shank 78 (Fig. 3).

fter the composite pile is driven to the desired depth and it is desired to 'unscrew core 24 from shell 28 to the position shown in Fig. 2, so that the core may be lifted from the shell, worm gear 30 is rotated by means of worm 31 and shaft 36.

During the unscrewing of core 24, head 32 is prevented from turning in the reverse direction to core 24 as follows: Slot 64 in pilc 20 prevents stem 62 from turning,` splines 60 in cylinder 58 prevent column 50 from turning, and key 48 prevents plug 38 and head 32 from turning, therefore all the rcaction due to the unscrewing of core 24 is taken by the pile already driven.

If there be danger of splitting the pile tenon 22 dueto excessive strain in slot 64 a steel band (not shown) may be placed around the upper end of the tenon.

During the unscx'ewing operation the pile core 24 rises, carrying with it the upper end of column 50. As the lower end of column extension 62 remains in position, being fast to the wood pile, it is necessary to make column 62 automatically extensible in length. This is accomplished by the slip joint comprisin cylinder 58 and flange 54 which permits t e upper column 50 to rise relatively to stem 62, while preventing relative rotation as already explained. Cylinder' 58.is of suflicient length to permit the unscrewing of core 24 to the position shown in Fig. 2, in which its corrugations are entirely free of the corrugations in shell 28, thereby permitting the lifting of the core from the shell by the hoistingtackle.

Before the hoisting can take place, however, it is necessary to separate the lower end of stem 62 from slot 64 in the wooden pile. This is done by unscrewing screw 74 from bushing 66 with key socket 80, which is actuated by shaft 88 through worm gear 84 and key stem 82, as already explained.

Screw shank 78 and key socket 80 are of suiicient' length to prevent them coming out of engagement with each other when column 50 and stem 62 are extended to their full length as is the case when flange 54 is at the top of cylinder 58, as in Fig. 2.

The upper end of cylinder 58 is closed by screw cap 90 to prevent flange 54 pulling out of cylinder 58 during the unscrewing or lifting operation.

In Fig. 4 is shown a modification of mv invention in which I provide a hydraulic device to keep the lower end of stem 62 in engagement with the slot in the wooden pile, instead of the screw apparatus described above. In this modification a hydraulic cylinder 92 is placed below cylinder 58 and axially with it, the two cylinders being illustrated as separated by partition 94. A stein 96 is secured to the bottom of flange 54, extends through partition 94, and has on its lower end a plunger 98. The length of stem 96 1s such that plunger 98 is at or near the,

as a plunger pump providedl with a manup.

ally operable handle 108, but which may be of any type capable of providing sufficient pressure, and it may be operated by power if desired.

In operation, during the unscrewing ot core 24 from shell' 28, pump 106 is operated to keep the space below plunger 98 filled with oil, water, or other liquid-110, at sut'iicient pressure to overcome the friction of ange 54 in cylinder 58 and thereby main- `tain shoe 100 fully engaged with slot 64 in the wood pile.

At the completion of the 'unscrewing ot core 24 from shell 28 cylinder 92 may be full of oilb 110. Before engaging the next pile the connections to the pump are reversed and the oil is forced back through the pump. to the oil reservoir, and the apparatus is again ready for use. j

'lvl`o assist in preventing shell 28 turning in the ground while the core is being unscrewed, projecting ins 112 are attached at intervals to the outer surface of the shell. During the unscrewing operation the hollow central portion of core 24 is sometimes filled with water, air, or other fluid under pressure. rllhe fluid passes through openings 114 into the space between core and shell and, spreading between the surfaces, helps to reduce the friction between them, and decrease the edort required to efect the unscrewing operation.

I have illustrated and described only pref terred forms of my inventlon, but the invention may be embodied in modifications which vary in detail from the structure or method herein shown without departing from the spirit of the invention.

1. `In an apparatus for forming and driving composite piles, comprising wooden piles surmounted'by corrugated concrete piles, in

combination, av shell corrugated in screw thread fashion, a driving core provided with screw thread corrugations cooperating with the corrugations in the shell, means to unscrew said core from said shell after .driving` and means to transmit the reaction of'said unscrewing operation 'to the wooden pile.

2. In an apparatus for forming and driving composite piles, comprising wooden piles surmounted by corrugated concrete' piles, in

acombination, -a shell corrugated 1n screw thread fashion, a 4driving core mounted for rotation on a central member` and provided with .screw corrugations to'vcooperate with the corrugations in the shell, means to apply force tending to rotate said core on said central member, said central member transmitting -the reaction of saidA force to the wooden pile.

In an apparatus `for erecting composite piles, comprising wooden piles sui-mounted by concrete piles, in combination, a driving core, means to apply force to rotate said-core, and means to transmit the reaction of said force to the wooden pile.

4. In an apparatus for erecting composite piles comprising wooden piles surmounted by co'ncreteipiles, in combination, a driving coreanounted for rotation on a centralmember; means to apply force to rotate said core on said central member, said central member beingarranged to transmit the reaction of said force to said wooden pile.

5. In an apparatus for erecting composite piles, comprising wooden piles surmounted by concreteY piles, in combination, a shell, a driving core within the shell, means to apply force torotate said core relatively to said shell, and means to transmit the reaction of said force to the wooden pile.

6. In an apparatus` for erecting composite piles comprising wooden piles surmounted by concrete piles, in combination, a shell, a driving core mounted for rotation on a stationary member, means to apply force to rotate said core on said member, said member being arranged to transmit the reaction of said force to said wooden pile.

7. In an apparatus for erecting composite piles comprising wooden piles surmounted by concrete piles, in combination, adriving core, means to apply force to rotate said core and a stationary structure engaging said wooden pile lto take the reaction of said force.

8. In an apparatus for erecting composite piles comprising wooden piles surmounted by concrete piles, in combination, a core mounted for rotation on a central member, meansto maintain said member in engagement with the wooden pile, and means to apply force to rotate said core on said member, the reaction of said force being taken by said central member.

9. In an apparatus for erecting piles comprising wooden piles'surmounted by concrete piles, in' combination, a core mounted for rotationv on -a central member, means comprising a screw to maintain said member in engagement with the wooden pile, and means to apply 'force to, rota'te said core on said membeiythe reactionof said force being taken by said central member.

10. In an apparatus for forming and driving composite piles, comprising wooden piles surmounted by corrugated concrete piles, in cembination, a shellcorrugated in screw thread fashion, a driving core mounted for composite rotation on a central member and provided rotation on a central member and provided with screw corrugations topcooperate with with screw corrugations to' cooperate with the corrugations in the shell, a telescopic the corrugations in the shell, a. telescopic 15 device to lock said cent-ral member to the Ydevice hydraulically operable to lock said 5 Wooden ile to prevent rotation of said \ce11 central member to prevent rotation thereof tral mem er, and means to rotate said coreou relatively to the Wooden pile, and a device to said central member.' rotate said core relatively to said central 11. In an apparatus for forming and drivmember. 20 ing composite piles, comprising Wooden piles In testimony whereof I hereto affix my 10 surmounted by corrugated .concrete piles, in signature.

combination, a shell corrugated in screw p thread fashion, a driving coremountedfor .JOI-IN W. TAUSSIG. 

